CLASS - 6|| SUBJECT - COMPUTER|| LESSON - 1|| FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTERS||

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LESSON – 1

FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTERS

 

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS:-

 

1.  How are computers classified on the basis of their size, capacity and speed?

Computers are classified on the basis of their size, capacity and speed. They are:

A.  Microcomputer:  It is a complete personal computer designed for an individual. It is used in office, schools, homes etc.

B.  Minicomputers: have more processing powers used as servers and multi user system. They can store more memory and a large number of devices can be attached to it.

C.  Mainframe computers: These types are very large and expensive and have a very large memory. It can be used by 100 users

D.  Supercomputers: they are the most powerful computers in terms of speed and memory. It can process billions of instructions per second. It is used in scientific research, weather forecasting, underground studies etc.

 

2.  Distinguish between RAM and ROM

SL NO

RAM

ROM

1.   

Stands for Random Access Memory

Stands for Read Only Memory

2.   

It is a volatile memory

It is non-volatile memory

3.   

Stores date temporarily

Stores data permanently

4.   

Used by the CPU either to read data from it or write data into it.

Used by CPU to only read the data

 

 

5.  What is a microprocessor?

A microprocessor is a computer processor in which all the components are a part of a single integrated circuit or chip. They are used by a single person at a time.

 

6.  Why is RAM called a volatile memory?

RAM comprises of the main memory. It is a fast and temporary type of memory as it deletes all the data when computer is switched off. It is therefore also called volatile memory.

 

7.  What is cache memory?

Cache memory stores recently used information so that it can be quickly accessed at a later time. A special area in RAM is reserved for cache memory. It is high speed memory that is present between the CPU and the main memory.

 

8.  Explain the IPO cycle along with its diagram

There are three stages in IPO cycle. The first stage is called the input stage where date and instructions are provided to the computer through input devices. The second stage is about processing information and is called the process stage. The third stage is the output stage where the output is shown and given out on an output device.

 

 






 

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