CLASS - 5|| SUBJECT - COMPUTER|| LESSON - 1|| EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERS||

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LESSON – 1

EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERS

 

1.  Name the first calculating device. Write a short note on early calculating devices.

Abacus was the first calculating device. With the course of time different machines were invented to perform calculations. The early calculation devices were Napier’s bones, Pascaline calculator, Difference engine and analytical Engine.

 

2.  Name the generation of computers and briefly explain each of them.

The first generation computers were very large in size, heavy, used vacuum tubes and were extremely costly.

Second generation computes used transistors. Were small in size, and cheaper.

Third generation computers used integrated circuits, replacing transistors. They had a keyboard and a monitor.

The fourth generation computes have a high storage, and are the best in all categories.

The fifth generation computing or artificial intelligences, is still under research and development. It would enable a computer to think or its own.

 

3.  What do you understand by artificial intelligence?

The artificial intelligence will be intelligent like human beings, and will use artificial intelligence for working. They will be able to think and take decisions like us. They will be sued in areas such as robotics, designing, defence, etc. Alan Turing is known as the Father of Artificial intelligence.

 

4.  Name the different types of computer.

The digital computers are broadly classified into four categories based on their size and type. They are:

a.  Microcomputers

b.  Minicomputers

c.  Mainframe computes

d.  Supercomputer.

 

5.  Write down the advantages and disadvantages of computers.

Advantages:-

i.         Speed: it is capable of performing complex calculations quickly.

ii.        Accuracy: a computer always gives the correct result to the inputs it receives.

iii.      Diligence: unlike humans, it cannot get bored of repetitive work.

iv.      Versatility: it is capable of performing different tasks.

v.        Multitasking: it can perform different tasks at the same time

vi.      High Storage: it is capable of storing large amount of data and information.

Limitations:-

i.         It operates only on a set of instructions.

ii.        It has to be instructed regarding every step to be performed.

iii.      It cannot take decisions by itself, and must have a used input.

 

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